*Dabu-Bondoc, S., Vadivelu, N., Benson, J., Perret, D., & Kain, Z. Effect of binaural stimulation on attention and EEG. *Crespo, A., Recuero, M., Galvez, G., & Begoña, A. The effect of gamma-enhancing binaural beats on the control of feature bindings. More attentional focusing through binaural beats: evidence from the global-local task. S., Barone, H., Sellaro, R., & Hommel, B. A Simple test for heteroscedasticity and random coefficient variation. American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis, 43(1), 53–69.īreusch, T. Binaural-beat induced theta EEG activity and hypnotic susceptibility. Madrid: Síntesis.īrady, B., & Stevens, L. Meta-análisis en ciencias sociales y de la salud. Research Synthesis Methods, 1(2), 97–111.īotella, B. A basic introduction to fixed-effect and random-effects models for meta-analysis. Chichester: Wiley.īorenstein, M., Hedges, L. Hoboken: Wiley.īorenstein, M., Hedges, L. Operating Characteristics of a Rank Correlation Test for Publication Bias. The effect of binaural beats on verbal working memory and cortical connectivity. *Beauchene, C., Abaid, N., Moran, R., Diana, R. ![]() ![]() The effect of binaural beats on visuospatial working memory and cortical connectivity. The interpretation of random-effects meta-analysis in decision models. References preceded by an asterisk indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.Īdes, A. Our meta-analysis adds to the growing evidence that binaural-beat exposure is an effective way to affect cognition over and above reducing anxiety levels and the perception of pain without prior training, and that the direction and the magnitude of the effect depends upon the frequency used, time under exposure, and the moment in which the exposure takes place. Time under exposure contributed significantly to the model indicating that longer periods are advisable to ensure maximum effectiveness. Moreover, the findings suggest that binaural-beat exposure before, and before and during the task produces superior results than exposure during the task. Meta-regression results indicated that it does not seem to be necessary to mask binaural beats with white noise or pink noise in terms of effectiveness, obtaining similar effects with unmasked binaural beats. The results, based on 35 effect sizes, showed an overall medium, significant, consistent effect size ( g = 0.45). ![]() Twenty-two studies met our inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The objective of this meta-analysis was to study the effect of binaural beats on memory, attention, anxiety, and analgesia. It has been suggested that binaural beats can influence cognition and mental states among others. Binaural auditory beats are a perceptual phenomenon that occurs when presenting separately to each ear two tones that slightly differ in their frequency.
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